However, in ethiopia livestock production has been mainly constrained by inadequate supply and poor quality of available feed resources 18, 21. In ethiopia, recent increases in livestock production have mainly been due to expansion of herds, not improvements in productivity 1. Ethiopia second agricultural growth project english abstract. Ethiopian agricultural research organization earo, addis ababa, ethiopia abstract the study was conducted with the objectives of identifying the major constraints and opportunities in the production and utilization of improved forages in east gojjam zone, amhara region, ethiopia in case of. Assessment of feed resources, feeding practices and coping. Produced by international livestock research institute ilri published by international livestock research institute ilri. Although, ethiopia has one of the highest livestock populations in africa, it lacks modern and improved livestock feeding practices. It provides food for the family, supports crop production and makes a significant contribution to the national economy. Pdf ab stract this paper summarizes the forage production program of the fourth livestock development project implemented in.
Forage seed production and distribution forage seed production and multiplication through farmers research group in adami tulu and arsinegelle districts abule ebro1, tadesse assefa,2 kebede teshome1 and belete shenkute1 1 adami tulu agricultural research center, oromia agricultural research institute, p. Read online training report on forage production, feed management and. Therefore, forage seeds systems have to be stimulated for mitigating feed constraints for poor livestock keepers linked to. Full length research improved forage crops production strategies in ethiopia. Assessment on farmers willingness to adopt improved forage. Open access postharvest grazing and farmers preferences for forage production incentives in ethiopia. This summer production can provide a source of stored forage for the winter months or fed to bridge the summer slump period of other cool season grass species. Summary of essp ii working paper 16, crop production in ethiopia. The calculation of unconstrained demand used the countrys growth rate for 2011 which was estimated at 7. There is huge demand among smallholders for feed but ready availability of affordable seed is a constraint to fodder production. Use wellcalibrated soil tests to guide potassium applications. This is essential in order to create householdlevel feed security, dr. Assessment on farmers willingness to adopt improved. Late season rains on the other hand usually produce higher forage yields although sometimes limit the number of livestock that can safely graze a wet spring pasture.
Livestock feed shortage 88% and water shortage 12% was the major problem in the study. Improving dairy production through increased forage production is limited in ethiopia due to, among other factors, poor extension and training. Livestock production is the dominant form of production to sustain the livelihood of pastoral society characterized by shortage of feed availability, due to rainfall variability. Where producers are concerned about forage potassium levels, the following management tips may help. Seed system development strategy for ethiopia released ata. During the workshop on forage seed systems in ethiopia, presentations showed that. Rapid assessment on status of forage seed production and. The development objective of the second agricultural growth project for ethiopia is to increase agricultural productivity and commercialization of small holder farmers targeted by the project. Improved forage crops production strategies in ethiopia. Click download or read online button to get commercializing dairy and forage systems in ethiopia book now. Luke 2010 in kenya, bangladeshi, nepal and india, and ben et al. Training report on forage production, feed management and. Department of biology, addis ababa university, po box 62291, addis ababa, ethiopia. Many cattle producers view their cattle enterprise as a way to market forage, their greatest resource.
Souse seed quality assurance mechanism in ethiopia abebe atilaw, adefris teklewold and dawit alemu 17117717 forage seed production and quality in ethiopia getnetgetnet assefa, gezahegn kebede and fekede feyssiaassefa, gezahegn kebede and fekede feyssia 39339939 rice seed production in cambodia. Lessons from fourth livestock development project article pdf available december 2017 with 2,472 reads how we. Survey on constraints of improved forage adoption in anelemo. From the sampled forages, a biomass dm yield of sesbania sesban in. Tesfaye lemma tefera, puskur r, hoekstra d and azage tegegne. Seasonality in quality and quantity of forage supplied is one of the prior problems of livestock owners in metekel zone that has a typical tropical lowland climate.
Therefore, the aim of the study was to gain an understanding of the overall farming production system with a particular focus on enhancing the livestock feeding strategies employed by farmers, identify key constraints and opportunities for. A factorial arrangement of treatments was employed with a combination of three altitudes and three harvesting dates. Thus, this manual is intended to provide training to extension workers and through them to smallholder dairy farmers a basic skill related to forage production and management. Table 3 below provides a summary of the forecast of hcfc consumption in ethiopia. Pdf there are various strategies to integrate forage crops into croplivestock farming system in ethiopia. Cumulatively, the value of forage crops is comparable to non forage cultivated plants.
These forage production activities transcend the immediate feed crisis by transferring the skills of growing and managing cultivated forages to communities. As a national research institute, eiar aspires to see improved livelihood of all ethiopians engaged in agriculture, agropastoralism, and pastoralism. Emana megersa mamo, the federal democratic republic ethiopia sugar corporation, ethopia, email. The objectives of this programme were to increase the quantity and quality of forage produced and to reduce the incidence and impact of soil degradation. As a result, milk production is low and highly seasonally dependent. Improved forage production is largely depending on the improved seed production system. Forage crops mainly consist of members of the fabaceae leguminosae and poaceae gramineae.
Open access postharvest grazing and farmers preferences for. Jan 16, 2019 livestock production is an integral part of the livelihood of the household level and contributes significantly to the national economy of ethiopia 1, 2. Forage yield and nutritive value of natural pastures at. Download training report on forage production, feed management and. A scoping study executive summary ethiopian smallholder farmers have traditionally relied on natural open grazing animal feed practices. Open access postharvest grazing and farmers preferences. Agricultural production in ethiopia is characterized by subsistence orientation, low productivity, low level of technology and inputs, lack of infrastructures and market institutions, and extremely vulnerable to rainfall variability. Ethiopia shimelis mengistu and temesgen alene march 2016. Ilri international livestock research institute, nairobi, kenya. However, the lack of seed remains a constant constraint to wider adoption by farmers and others. In order to attain sustainable production and productivity of the wealth livestock, improved forage production in quality and quantity is highly important.
Introduction livestock production is an integral part of the farming systems in all parts of ethiopia. Livestock feed resources in ethiopia are mainly natural grazing and browse, crop residues, improved pasture, forage crops and agroindustrial byproducts. Ppt forage crops powerpoint presentation free to view. A working seed system development strategy was released in september 2016 by the ministry of agriculture and natural resources moanr through the facilitation of the agricultural transformation agency ata. Project interventions include developing sustainable forage production systems on smallholder farms and communal pastures, setting up cooperativebased commercial feed. Commercializing dairy and forage systems in ethiopia.
Various federal, regional and international stakeholders from the public, private and ngos sectors were integral to the development of the strategy, which will be. Pdf overview of improved forage and forage seed production. It is the major milk production system in the low land part of ethiopia. Improved forage production practice and challenges in libokemkem district, ethiopia workye melese, aschalew assefa and kirkim dehninet university of gondar, college of veterinary medicine and animal sciences, department of animal production and extension, p. Forage production is very low during periods of drought or in years when most of the rainfall occurs at the beginning of the season. Opportunity and constraints of livestock feed resources in. Getnet assefa at ethiopian institute of agricultural research. Constraints and opportunities on production and utilization. Author links open overlay panel hailemariam teklewold a. Forage crops are plants which, when grown as a crop, have been found to produce high yields of plant material, which are also high in nutrients suitable for livestock requirements for maintenance and production. Editing, design and layoutilri publication unit, addis ababa, ethiopia. There is no need to dry out the plant material any more than that, so wet weather is not such a constraint as it is with making hay.
Conservation based forage development for ethiopia 1997 alemayehu mengistu self help development international, addis abeba ethiopia. The major constraints for improved forage adoption in the study area was a shortage of land 28. Evaluation of morphological characteristics, yield and. The climate, soil and terrain in arkansas are well suited for forage production. Lessons from fourth livestock development project article pdf available december 2017 with 2,472 reads how we measure reads. List of relevant standards published by the ethiopian standards agency. Dec 12, 2018 a study was conducted to evaluate the effect of altitude and harvesting dates on productivity and nutritive value of three brachiaria brizantha grass ecotypes eth. Summer production teff can be planted in late spring and be cut multiple times during the hot summer months. In ethiopia, forage development started through the introduction of improved forage species. Forage seed research and production in oromia agricultural research institute. Pdf overview of improved forage and forage seed production in. Livestock feed resources in ethiopia are mainly obtained from natural and improved pastures, crop residues, forage crops, agroindustrial byproducts and nonconventional feeds csa 2012.
The contribution of these feed resources, however, depends up on the agroecology, the type of crop produced, accessibility and production system seyoum et. Assessment of ficus thonningii tree production and. Natural pasture is a forage but is not grown as a crop, so is termed forage, not a forage crop. Assessment on farmers willingness to adopt improved forage production in south tigray, ethiopia yikaaly teklay zebrhe teklay tigray agricultural research center, alamata agricultural research center email of the corresponding author. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. Open access postharvest in situ grazing is widespread in areas where a mixed croplivestock system is common. Proper forage production requires reliable source of forage seed andor. Ethiopia second agricultural growth project english. A forage crop can be cut early and only has to have 30% dry matter to be ensiled successfully. Cumulatively, the value of forage crops is comparable to nonforage cultivated plants. Determinants of adoption of improved forages in selected districts of. The studies reported in table 1 all had the grass forage higher in ndf compared to the alfalfa fed within the study, but dm intake of cows and milk production was not always compromised by a higher ndf content in the forage.
Training report on forage production, feed management and utilization for africa rising project farmers in basona worena, ethiopia shimelis mengistu and temesgen alene march 2016. Ethiopia addis getu department of animal production and extension, faculty of veterinary medicine, university of gondar, ethiopia abstract. Livestock production is one of the most important agricultural land use systems in the world, with grasslands covering 25% of land surface and contributing to the livelihoods of more than 800 million people. Ethiopia estimated its future demand to increase by an average of 7 per cent annually.
However, contribution of the subsector in the countrys economy remains below its potential due to low productivity of animals than the regional and continental average. Enhancing the productivity of livestock production in. Survey on constraints of improved forage adoption in. Livestock production is an integral part of the livelihood of the household level and contributes significantly to the national economy of ethiopia 1, 2. Regional patterns and trends ethiopia strategy support program. Ethiopia stands first in africa and tenth in the world in its livestock population.
Improved forage production practice and challenges in. Planting date aff ects production and quality of grass pea. Silage making is long practiced by the larger agricultural sector, but the production method relies. Review on challenges and opportunities sheep production. Regional patterns and trends ethiopia strategy support program essp ii research note 11 ethiopias crop agriculture is.
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